FIRST SEMESTER :

SECOND SEMESTER

THIRD SEMESTER

FOURTH SEMESTER

TOTAL CREDITS: 37+37+24+24 = 122

Nanocrystals, thin films & coatings, definitions, Effect on properties and phase stability in lower dimension compared to the bulk state,

Materials at Reduced Dimensions, Two-dimensional nanostructures – surfaces and films, One-dimensional nanostructures – nanotubes and wires, Zero dimensional nanostructures – fullerenes, nanoparticles, nanoporous materials, Nanoclays, Graphene, polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) nanoparticles, Colloidal Monodisperse Nanocrystals, nanocrystals of ferrite, oxide and chalcogenides, core-shell nanoparticles, micelle assisted nanoparticles, surfactant coated nanoparticles, microemulsion synthesis, self-assembly routes, Inorganic-organic hybrid materials, hydrophobic and hydrophilic nanoparticles, water-dispersable nanoparticles,

Synthesis routes, Sol-gel technique, Nonaqueous Sol–gel route for Metal Oxide nanoparticles, hydrothermal synthesis, co-precipitation, preparation of nanocomposites,

Properties and applications at the nanoscale, Electrical, Mechanical, Magnetic, (Electro)Chemical, Optical, Thermal and thermoelectric properties, Health and regulatory issues with Nanomaterials

Text Book:

Reference Books:

Introduction of Materials, Types, distinctions, properties and applications of Metals, Ceramics and Polymers. Different types of polymer processing operations and engineering aspects: Mixing and compounding (twin screw extruders, banbury and other mixing equipments in polymer processing), extrusion process, injection moulding, blow moulding, thermoforming, rotational moulding, compression moulding, transfer moulding, reaction injection moulding, calendering, roller and blade coating, film blowing, textile/fiber spinning technology

Technology for ceramic powder preparations, solid state reactions, Sintering operations, Types of sintering, sintering mechanisms, Colloidal processing of ceramics, DLVO theory, Porous ceramics and ceramic fibres, Co-precipitation method, Sol-Gel process, products for engineering applications

Metal Forming: Introduction to rolling, forging, extrusion, drawing and its engineering aspects, Development of microstructures with different processing technologies and its effects on forging, extrusion, rolling, and drawing on metallic alloy components. Effect of alloying additions. Casting: Pattern and Mould, Melting and Pouring, Solidification and Pouring, Fundamentals of Solidification, Joining: Welding and its types, Brazing and Soldering, Microstructural mechanisms associated with metals joining operations and it engineering applications, Powder Metallurgy.

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Importance and the need for materials characterization, highlights of various characterization techniques, Crystal structure & polymorphism determination techniques, X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Bragg’s Law, phase identification and analysis by XRD, stress calculation, different approaches for crystal and grain size measurements XRD

Powder characterization techniques, Particle size analysis techniques based on light scattering, Powder characterisation by microscopy techniques (light, electron), light scattering, gas adsorption (BET), Gas pycnometer for density measurement, and compositional analysis of powders by XRF and ICP techniques

Metallography and microstructures, Principles of optical microscopy -resolution, magnification, depth of focus; electron diffraction, imaging (various contrasts), Cross-Sectional and fracture surface analysis of materials/coatings using FESEM, Crystal Identification through Selected area diffraction pattern (SADP) etc.

Tribology, Wear type and its Characterization, wear surface analysis, Tribometer, Friction, Low friction materials/coating etc. Instrumentation and principles of techniques used for thermal analysis (DSC, DTA, DMA, TG, DTG, EGD, RMA, DPC, DETA, TMA) and micro-thermal analysis, combined method of thermal analysis and their applications in materials characterization.

Rheological and viscoelastic properties of materials, importance of characterization for polymer systems, measurement techniques, melt flow index, capillary and slit die extrusion rheometry, oscillatory rheometry, rotational rheometry, extensional rheometry, extrudate die swell and draw down techniques.

Text Books:

Elastic modulus – Stress-strain curves - Tensile test of ductile material – properties evaluation, Hardness measurement tests – Fracture of materials – Mechanisms of Ductile and Brittle fracture; recovery and recrystallization, fracture toughness, Fatigue – Endurance limit – Fatigue test; Creep, fracture toughness. High temperature deformation, Plasticity, yield strength, dislocation mechanisms, strengthening mechanisms in materials, Viscoelastic behavior with models, creep and stress relaxation, Boltzmann superposition principle and time-temperature superposition

Thermal properties, specific heat, thermal conductivity, Thermal expansion, thermal stress, thermal stability, Thermal radiation, emissivity, thermal diffusivity, Relationship between structure and thermal properties of materials, Experimental methods for thermal analysis of materials

Electrical and electronics, magnetic and optical properties of materials, Fermi level & Hall effect in semiconductors, Band theory, Ferroelectrics & piezoelectrics, Snell’s law, Maxwell equations, luminescence, fluorescence, Microscopic origin of magnetic moments, Magnetic susceptibility, Exchange interaction, Types of Magnetism in materials, Hysteresis in ferromagnetic materials, Response of the functional materials to external parameters, e.g., pressure, temperature. Applications in Giant magneto-resistance effect, Spintronics, Material aspects and design rules of functional devices.

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Reference Books:

Thermodynamics basic concepts (state variables, the first law, the enthalpy concept, heat capacity) The second law (reversible and irreversible processes, entropy, Gibbs energy, Hemholtz energy, Gibbs-Duhems equation, Maxwell's relationships) Equilibrium conditions (chemical potential, driving force, the third law, Clausius-Clapeyrons equations, Thermodynamic application to materials: Ellingham diagrams; Electrochemistry: Porbaix diagrams; thermodynamics of solutions, construction and interpretation of 2 component phase diagrams.

Phase Diagram– Gibbs’s Phase rule – Interpretation of mass fractions using Lever’s rule –Hume Rothery rules-Binary Iso-morphous system- Binary Eutectic alloy system (Lead-Tin System) – Binary Peritectic alloy system (Iron-Nickel System) – Invariant reactions – Iron-Iron carbide phase diagram- Slow cooling of Hypo and hyper eutectoid steels – Temperature-Time-Transformation (TTT) and Continuous Cooling Transformation (CCT) Diagrams, Phase equilbria in ceramics

Text Books:

Introduction to surface Engineering, Differences between surface and bulk, Properties of surfaces, surface energy concepts, degradation of surfaces, wear and its type, Adhesive, Abrasive, Fretting, Erosion wear, Surface fatigue, Different types of Corrosion and its prevention, Galvanic corrosion, Passivation, Pitting, Crevice, Mircobial, High-temperature corrosion, Corrosion in nonmetals, polymers and glasses, Protection from corrosion through surface modifications Changing the surface metallurgy: Localized surface hardening (flame, induction, laser, electron-beam hardening, Laser melting, shot peening), Changing the surface chemistry: Phosphating, Chromating, Anodizing (electrochemical conversion coating), Carburizing, Nitriding, Ion implantation, Laser alloying, boriding, Organic coatings (paints and polymeric or elastomeric coatings and linings), Hot-dip galvanizing (zinc coatings), Ceramic coatings (glass linings, cement linings, and porcelain enamels), Advanced surface coating methods: Gaseous State (CVD, PVD etc), Solution State (Chemical solution deposition, Electrochemical deposition, Sol gel, electroplating), Molten or semimolten State (Laser cladding and Thermal spraying) Characterization of surface and coatings, Surface Characterization (physical and chemical methods, XPS, AES, RAMAN, FTIR etc), Structural Characterization, Mechanical Characterization (Adhesion, Hardness, Elastic Properties, Toughness, Scratch and Indentation etc.), Tribological Characterization, Corrosion tests

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Reference Books:

Elastomers: Natural rubber, Synthetic rubbers:-Polybutadiene, Styrene-butadiene rubber, Acrylonitrile butadiene rubber-Nitrile rubber, Poly-2-chlorobutadiene, Chloroprene rubber, Polyisoprene rubber, Butyl rubber, Halogenated copolymers of butyl rubber, Ethylene propylene

rubber (EPM and EPDM), Ethylene vinylacetate copolymers, Chlorinated polyethylene, Chlorosulfonated polyethylene, Acrylic rubbers and ethylene acrylate copolymers, Epichlorohydrin rubber, Polypropylene oxide rubber, Fluoroelastomer, Polynorbornene, Polysiloxane and silicone

rubber, Polysulfide rubber, Polyester and polyether rubber, Polyurethane elastomer, New elastomers Blends:-Thermoplastic elastomers and thermoplastic vulcanizates, Different rubber based blends,

Rubber chemicals and additives:- Mastication and peptizers, Vulcanizing agents, Accelerators, Activators, Retarders, Aging, fatigue and ozone protective agents, Antioxidants, Reinforcing and non-reinforcing fillers, Other fillers and new fillers, Pigments, Plasticizers, processing aids and factice, Blowing agents, Adhesion promoters, Latex technology:-Natural rubber latex, styrene butadiene rubber latex, nitrile rubber latex, polychloroprene latex, latex compounding, latex processing, Processing of elastomers:- Compound preparation, Processing to sheets, Manufacture of extruded products, Manufacturing of molded goods, Elastomer testing and analysis:- Mechanical testing, Adhesion testing, Electrical testing, Chemical testing, Thermal testing, Morphology

Text books:

Introduction to coatings for different temperature applications, Properties of surfaces-wear, corrosion, optical, roughness, electrical and thermal properties, wetability

Concepts of coating, Thin film coating, Physical Vapour Deposition: Thermal Evaporation, E-Beam Deposition, Sputtering. Chemical Vapour Deposition: Thermal Assisted CVD, Plasma Enhanced CVD, Photo Assisted CVD, Metal Organic CVD, Sol-gel deposition, Thick Coating: Thermal spray Types of thermals spary and their advantages and disadvantages. Flame Spray, HVOF, Plasma spray- conventional vs. nanostructured coatings, Process parameters, thermal and kinetic history of inflight particle, microstructural features of plasma sprayed coatings, single splat studies, process-structure property relationship-challenges in prepartion, plasma spraying of nanopowders - its microsturcutre – properties –Liquid precurser plasma spray- Thermal barrier coatings and materials including yittria stabilized zirconia

Characterization of film and thick coatings, Coatings –thickness-porosity-hardness, fracture toughness, elastic modulus – adhesion-bending strength-fracture strength- tensile strength, coating tribology, corrosion measurement, phase analysis and microstructure, Surface characterization techniques. Applications of coatings: wear resistance, corrosion, thermal barrier, Anti scratch, Biomedical, near net shape, embedded sensors, Energy applications like Solid oxide fuel cell, Dye sensitized solar cell

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Reference books:

Introduction to building materials- classification and special features. Materials from Natural Rock and components-formation and classification of rocks, characteristics and application of various rocks. Ceramic Materials and components -Raw materials, classification of ceramic materials, clay brick, ceramic construction for walls and floors, roof tiles, acid-resistant items, sanitary ceramic items. Mineral binders-Air-setting binding materials, hydraulic binding materials. Concrete - General, classification of concrete, concrete mixes, Specific properties of concrete eg. Insulation, fire resistance, heaviness, lightweight, extreme climate etc., Mix design, concrete ad-mixtures, R.C.C.- curing & testing. Metal and metal components-Basic Metallurgy of Iron & Steel, composite & grades of steel, heat treatment of steel, steel reinforcement of concrete, corrosion of metals and protection, non-ferrous metals and its application. Heat insulating and acoustic materials and components. Organic binders and bitumen-&-tar-based materials-Bitumen, tars, emulsions, mastics, waterproofing items, steam-proofing and sealing materials. Polymers and polymer-based materials and components- polymers and plastics, polymer based building materials for walls, pipes, sanitary-ware, glues, mastics. polymer impregnated concrete (PIC), Polymer Cement Concrete (PCC), Cement based smoothing and screeding compounds. The use of water dispersed polymers in cement mixes for floor topping and concrete repair.

Text Books:

Module 1: Generic Methodologies for Nanobiotechnology Introduction to Nanobiotechnology; challenges and opportunities associated with biology on the Nanoscale; nanobiotechnology systems; introduction to bioelectronics; Biologically relevant molecular nanostructures-Carbon nanotubes, quantum dots, metal based nanostructures, naowires, polymer based nanostructures, protein and DNA based nanostructures; Characterisation techniques for biological molecular nanostructures. Module 2: Biosensors Introduction to biosensors; the biological component; the sensor surface; Immobilisation of the sensor molecule; Transduction of the sensor signal -Optical sensors; Electrochemical sensors; Suppression or substraction of non-specific background interaction at sensor surfaces; Sensor stabilisation; Data analysis.

Module 3: Imaging of Bionanostructures Practical and theoretical aspects of imaging biological systems, from the cellular level through to whole-body medical imaging, basic physical concepts in imaging. Major techniques using ionising and non-ionising radiation including fluorescence and multi-photon microscopy, spectroscopy, OCT, MRI, X-ray CT, PET, Confocal and SPECT imaging.

Module 4: Bionanomaterials Biomolecules for designing nano-structures; nanoprinting of DNA, RNA and Proteins, use of these nano-structures in biological and medical applications. Principles of self-assembly, self-organisation and its application to biology. DNA nanostructures, DNA robot, DNA microarrays, Bio-MEMS: biological and biomedical analysis and measurements and micro total analysis systems.

Module 5: Toxicological and Medical Applications of Nanobiotechnology Environmental behaviour and speciation of nanoparticles; Introduction to Nanomaterials for toxicology; bioaccumulation of Nanomaterials, Nanoparticles cytotoxiciy, Applications of Nanostructures in Drug discovery, Delivery, and Controlled Release.

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Reference Books:

Text Books:

Solar radiations as a source of energy and mechanism for its entrapment; Measurements and limits of solar energy entrapment; Flat plate collectors and solar concentrators; Solar energy for industrial process heat (IHP) and design of solar green house; Solar refrigeration and conditioning; Solar thermo-mechanical power.

Introduction of energy storage/conversion devices, State-of-the art status of portable power sources, Solar/photovoltaic (PV) cells as a source of green energy; Fundamentals, Materials, Design and Implementation aspects of PV energy generation and consumption; Solar cell technologies (Si-wafer based, Thin film, GaAs based, dye-sensitized, PESC and organic solar cells), Efficiency of solar cells and PV array analysis, Photovoltaic system design (stand alone and grid connected) and applications; Balance of system (BOS) with emphasis on role of storage batteries; Cost analysis, Case study for performance evaluation and problem identification in wide-spread commercialization of the technology.

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Reference Books:

System of differential equations; Linear and nonlinear stability; Basic idea of bifurcation; some illustrations with help of computer programming

Introduction to modeling; Elementary mathematical models and General modeling ideas; General utility of Mathematical models, Role of mathematics in problem solving; Concepts of mathematical modeling; System approach; formulation, Analyses of models; Pitfalls in modeling;

Illustrations models such as Population dynamics, Traffic Flow, Social interactions, Viral infections, Epidemics, Finance, Economics, Management, etc. (The choice and nature of models selected may be changed with mutual interest of lecturer and students.)

Introduction to probabilistic models.

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Syllabus:

Bonding and structure in crystalline solids: Concept of energy versus interatomic separation for atoms, bonding in solids, primary interatomic bonding, secondary bonding. Basic idea of lattice, crystal systems, indexing planes and directions, Miller indices. (8 classes)

Defects in crystalline materials: Point, linear, planar and volume defects. Equilibrium concentration of vacancies, doping in semiconductors. Point defects in ionic crystals, Frenkel and Schottky defects, Kröger-Vink notation. Edge and screw dislocations, Burger vector. Concept of slip, dislocation structures in fcc and bcc crystal systems. Atomic structure and nature of grain boundaries, misorientation angle across grain boundaries, Energy of grain boundaries. Twin boundaries. Observation of defects. Role of defects on the properties of materials. (18 classes)

Diffusion: Atomistic mechanisms of diffusion, substitutional and interstitial diffusion. Fick’s first and second law. Diffusion kinetics. Surface, lattice, grain boundary and pipe diffusion. Kirkendall effect. Tracer diffusion. (10 classes)

Case studies: 5 classes
(i) Role of microstructure in transparency of alumina
(ii) Microstructure control in turbine blades
(iii) Ionic conductivity in cubic zirconia
(iv) Carburization and decarburization in steel
(v) Role of Kirkendall voids on weld joints

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Reference Book:

Processing and evaluation of engineering ceramics. Fracture behaviour of ceramic materials, The Weibull distribution, Toughening mechanism. Formation, mechanical properties and uses of fused alumina, sintered alumina products, borides, carbides, nitrites, silicides, zirconia and partially stabilized, zirconia, sialons.

Abrasives, abrasive operations, natural abrasives, abrasives like aluminium oxides, silicon carbide, diamond and boron nitride, miscellaneous synthetic abrasives, raw materials for abrasives, their proportioning, processing, manufacture of abrasives, grinding wheels, their drying, firing and testing.

Glassy State; Kinetic and thermodynamic criteria for glass formation, use of Na2O-SiO2 and Na2O-CaO- SiO2 phase diagrams in glass manufacture, types of glasses and their chemical compositions, Physical properties of glasses, density, refractive index, thermal expansion and thermal stresses, thermal endurance of glass, toughening of glasses, strength and fracture behaviour of glass and its articles, surface tension, viscosity and its measurement, effect of temperature and composition on the physical properties of glasses

Glass making raw materials, addition of cullet to the batch, reactions amongst the constituents of glass, thermal currents and flow pattern in the glass tank furnace, Defects in glass, bubbles and seeds, cords, stresses and colour inhomogeneity and their remedies, annealing of glasses

Glass ceramics; Nucleation and crystal growth in glasses, nucleation through micro miscibility, nucleating agents, properties and applications of glass-ceramics

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Reference Books:

Introduction and Overview of Metal based composites, overviews key technologies and issues in the area, Fabrication of Metal Matrix Composites: Commonly used Matrices, Basic Requirements in Selection of constituents, solidification processing of composites - XD process, Spray processes - Osprey Process, Rapid solidification processing, Dispersion Processes - Stir-casting & Compo casting, Screw extrusion, Liquid-metal impregnation technique - Squeeze casting, Pressure infiltration, Lanxide process), Principle of molten alloy infiltration, rheological behaviour of melt-particle slurry, Synthesis of In situ Composites

Resins- Resins used in polymer composites, Fillers- Fibers, conventional fillers and nanofillers used in polymer composites. Fabrication- Different processing techniques for polymer composites. Testing and characterization, Structure property relationship in conventional polymer composites and polymer nanocomposites, Applications. Ceramic matrix composites, mechanical properties of ceramic matrix composites, different processing techniques for ceramic matrix composites, process capability and applications of various techniques.

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Selection of engineering alloys, including steels (carbon, alloy, stainless, dual phase, TRIP/TWIP), cast irons, aluminium, magnesium, titanium, nickel and cobalt-based superalloys and zirconium alloys. In depth understanding of the microstructures and their development for the most common classes of engineering alloys, overview of microstructures, processing and properties in engineering alloys State-of-the-art approaches to the design and development of new alloys for the 21st century Principles of heat treatment, the heat treatment of steels, and the heat treatment of aluminium alloys respectively, Use of heat treatment to produce required metallurgical properties. Cooling curves and equilibrium diagrams Heat treatment of steels, Hardenability, Strength, and Toughness Case hardening, Carburising, and Nitriding, De-carburising Re-heat treatment, Re-tempering, Annealing, and Normalising Heat treatment of Aluminium alloys, Annealing, Solution treatment Natural ageing, Artificial ageing, Over ageing Explanation of the heat treatment of Aluminium alloys Control testing

Introduction, Theory of Heat Treatment, Heat Treatment Environment, Different Heat Treatment Techniques, Fundamentals and Properties; Annealing, Tempering, Hardening, Thermomechanical treatment, Fundamentals of Surface Hardening Treatment, Carburizing, Carbonitriding, Nitriding, Modern surface hardening techniques; Economy of Heat Treatment Processes

Text Books:

Welding, theory and classification of welding, submerged arc welding, gas metal arc welding or MIG/MAG welding, TIG welding, resistance welding. Other joining processes, soldering, brazing, diffusion bonding, and adhesive bonding of metallic materials; adhesive bonding, solvent bonding, and welding of polymer materials; brazing, frit sealing, diffusion bonding, and welding of ceramic materials and composite materials; soldering, wire bonding, flip-chip bonding, and wafer bonding of semiconductor materials; welding, soldering, adhesive bonding and bone in growth of biomaterials; welding, soldering and adhesive bonding of nanomaterials.

Text Books:

Micro and nano mechanics – principles, methods and strain analysis, an introduction to microsensors and MEMS, Evolution of Microsensors & MEMS, Microsensors & MEMS applications, Microelectronic technologies for MEMS, Micromachining Technology – Surface and Bulk Micromachining, Micromachined Microsensors, Mechanical, Inertial, Biological, Chemical,Acoustic, Microsystems Technology, Integrated Smart Sensors and MEMS, Interface Electronics for MEMS, MEMS Simulators, MEMS for RF Applications, Bonding & Packaging of MEMS, Conclusions & Future Trends.

Nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS) – a journey from MEMS to NEMS, MEMS vs. NEMS, MEMS based nanotechnology – fabrication, film formation and micromachining, NEMS physics – manifestation of charge discreteness, quantum electrodynamical (QED) forces, quantum entanglement and teleportation, quantum interference, quantum resonant tunneling and quantum transport, Wave phenomena in periodic and aperiodic media – electronic and photonic band gap crystals and their applications, NEMS architecture, Surface Plasmon effects and NEMS fabrication for nanophotonics and nanoelectronics, Surface Plasmon detection – NSOM/SNOM

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Reference Books:

Thin films and Surfaces, thermodynamics and reactivity of Surfaces, Surface crystallography and reconstruction, Atomic models for crystalline surfaces, Nucleation and Growth in thin films: Capillarity theory, atomistic and kinetic models of nucleation, basic modes of thin film growth (Volmer ‐ Weber, Frank van der Merwe, Stranski‐Krastanov), Microstructural development in epitaxial, polycrystalline, and amorphous films

Thin film deposition (Vapour based), Hertz Knudsen equation; mass evaporation rate; Directional distribution of evaporating species Evaporation of elements, compounds, alloys. Raoult's Law: E-beam, pulsed laser and ion beam evaporation, Sputtering, ion beam assisted deposition. Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) Methods, sputtering, epitaxial films, Laser ablation, lattice misfit and imperfections

Solution based chemical Techniques:Spray pyrolisis, Electrodeposition, electroless deposition and plating for large area industrial coating, chemical bath deposition (CBD), successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) method, Sol-gel (spin coating and dip coating) and Langmuir Blodgett techniques for polymer and soft molecules Thin film and surface characterization techniques, Application of thin films in MEMS, NEMS, sensors, actuators, transducers and other relevant fields involving surface engineering applications.

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Practical aspects of X-ray diffraction analysis will be emphasized; hands-on experience in qualitative and quantitative analysis techniques, use of electronic databases, and phase analysis using XRD data hands -on experience on the applications of metallography and optical microscopy, phase analysis using microscopic information, hands-on experience in the area of microstructures of metal, ceramic and polymer materials using optical microscopy and SEM

Standard laboratory practice including safety, report writing, and error analysis are also emphasized.

Powder characterization using XRD, SEM and BET, gas pycnometer Thermal properties of materials, identification of materials based on their TG, DSC, DMA characteristic responses Laboratory testing practice related to tests based on the mechanical properties of materials, e.g., hardness, elastic modulus, tensile strength etc.

Standard laboratory practice including safety, report writing, and error analysis are also emphasized.